Including historic trends, current and future scenarios, and impacts on air quality standards.

Including the effects of building wakes, urban development scenarios, (green) urban infrastructures, and megacities.

Including emissions from ships and aircraft, temporal and spatial allocation of emissions, and projections related to climate change.

Including combining ground- and satellitebased observations with model outputs, use of data assimilation techniques to identify measurement needs.

Including performance evaluation, diagnostic, dynamical, and probabilistic evaluation.

Including aerosol dynamics, aerosol formation,interaction with multiphase chemistry, and aerosol-cloud interactions.

Including effects of air pollution on climate and the impact of changing climate on future air quality.

Including integrated and multimedia modelling, and the effects of regulatory programs on ambient air quality and human exposure.